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How-To Guide

How to Harvest Peppers Through San Diego Heat

Late August is harvest and heat, not a new transplant date. Lazaneo’s pepper-plant window closed in July on the coast and in June inland. Keep leaves over the fruit, water evenly, and pick at the color you want.

Ripe red Capsicum annuum pepper hanging on the plant in a garden, with green leaves and soil behind it
Ripe red pepper on the plant (H. Zell, CC BY-SA 3.0, Karlsruhe botanical garden). Not a San Diego bed.
Now

Late August is harvest, not a new transplant date.

Why

Keep a leaf canopy so fruit does not sunburn.

Next

Water evenly with drip; pick at the color you want.

Kit

  • Pepper transplants already in the bed (this is a harvest How-To)
  • Drip irrigation or furrow on a raised bed (not sprinklers)
  • Organic mulch to keep soil cool and even
  • Shade cloth or row-cover on a frame for inland afternoon sun
  • Cone-shaped wire tomato cages for large-fruit types
  • Next spring: stocky transplants, floating row cover, compost, and the fertilizer the UC IPM or Gemmell page actually names

Do this

  1. Two heat bands, two sources

    UC IPM: peppers do best with days 75° to 85°F and nights 55° to 65°F; temperatures above 100°F reduce pollination, fruit set, and yield. Gemmell: blossoms drop when nights are just below 60°F or above 75°F, and days above 90°F cause excessive blossom and fruit drop.

    UC IPM.

  2. Keep a leaf canopy. Inland fruit needs afternoon shade.

    UC IPM sunburn: fruit exposed to hot sun can turn brown and leathery, including after leaves wilt. Gemmell: inland valleys do better with a little afternoon shade; plant in blocks so foliage shades the ground, and use cone-shaped wire tomato cages on large-fruit types so branches do not open and expose fruit.

    Illustration of a pepper plant with a leaf canopy versus fruit left exposed
    Illustration: leaf canopy vs exposed fruit. Not a photograph.

    UC IPM.

  3. Keep the root zone evenly moist with drip

    UC IPM: keep the root zone moist all season; peppers root about 2 feet deep. Prefer drip or furrow on raised beds, not sprinklers; Gemmell: even moisture and mulch cut blossom drop and blossom-end rot.

    UC IPM.

  4. Bell vs chili is the same warm-season crop. No Scoville numbers.

    UC IPM: peppers are either sweet (bell and banana) or hot chile; bells are blocky and harvested green, red, or yellow. Chiles tend to be smaller, longer, and more tapered; Gemmell: hot weather and stress can make chiles hotter.

    Two long green peppers hanging on a Capsicum annuum plant in a garden
    Green chili-type Capsicum annuum fruit still on the plant (Forest & Kim Starr, CC BY 3.0 US). Horn/chili shape, not a bell. Photographed at Sand Island, Midway Atoll — not a San Diego bed.

    UC IPM.

  5. Harvest at the color you want, then keep picking

    UC IPM: harvest any time after the fruit has the full color you want. Keep peppers picked or they stop flowering (Gemmell).

    UC IPM.

  6. Store at 45–55°F, away from apples and bananas

    UC IPM and Lazaneo: peppers keep best at 45°–55°F. Do not store them with apples or bananas; ethylene injures them.

    UC IPM.

  7. Next spring: transplant after warm soil, on Lazaneo’s months

    Do not set new pepper plants in late August. For next year, Lazaneo: Pepper (plants) coastal April–July, inland April–June; UC IPM: bury the stem as far as the first leaf.

    Lazaneo.

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